Antimicrobial resistance genes were detected in 83% of environmental samples collected from 65 sheep and goat farms in central Portugal. "[O]ver half exhibiting genes from three or more antibiotic classes, suggesting potential multidrug resistance. β-lactamase genes were the most prevalent, followed by those conferring resistance to tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance, while macrolide resistance genes were least frequent. The distribution of ARGs varied by farm type, host species, and municipality."