Working closely with PHAC and CIPARS, the research team will develop a research platform and establish the infrastructure required to support a national surveillance system for the ongoing collection of data regarding antimicrobial use (AMU), AMR trends and the effectiveness of stewardship practices on Canadian dairy farms. Data on AMU, AMR and dairy animal health will be collected on farms in five regions. To provide AMU data estimates, treatment records logged as part of the Food Safety and Biosecurity modules of proAction®, and the retrieval of receptacles placed on farms for the deposit of empty drug bottles and containers will be used. To measure AMR on dairy farms, fecal, environmental and bulk tank milk samples will be taken and analyzed. The information will serve as a base for the development and testing of evidence-based and effective tools for farmers and their veterinarians (i.e. standard operating protocols or SOPs).